Sajeongjeon Hall is the council hall located behind Geunjeongjeon Hall. It was one of the two most important office buildings in Gyeongbokgung Palace; the other was the Throne Hall, Geunjeongjeon Hall. King Sejong, King Sejo, and King Jungjong were said to use this hall the most frequently. Here, emperors regularly conferred with their officials and made important policy decisions. They also hosted banquets for visiting dignitaries and loyal retainers. Sajeongjeon Hall, whose name means "political contemplation," is where the king is believed to have reflected on matters of state.

Sajeongjeon Hall was first built at the same time as Gyeongbokgung Palace in 1395. It was rebuilt after it was burnt down in 1553. After around 40 years, the entire palace was demolished in the Japanese invasion of Korea in 1592, which lasted for 7 years. The current building was built in 1867, when the palace underwent a major restoration project to restore its main buildings, such as Geunjeongjeon Hall, Gyeonghoeru Pavilion, and Sujeongjeon Hall.

Generally, Sajeongjeon Hall has a similar interior design as Geungjeongjeon Hall. Both halls have the Irworobongdo painting behind the royal seat, which symbolizes the throne of the king. Also, the floor is covered with square stones that allow the officials to sit on the mat. However, unlike Geungjeongjeon Hall having the dragon painting on the ceiling, Sajeongjeon Hall has Ullyongdo Mural Painting, the dragon painting, on the top between two columns in the center.

On the other hand, we can find Angbu Ilgu, the Korean sundial, in front of Sajeongjeon Hall. It is a concave sundial shaped like a hemisphere that was first created in 1434 under the reign of King Sejong. It was invented to measure time throughout the day by the shadow cast by the sun.

Although it was one of the most important office buildings, it is believed that the Joseon kings preferred using Manchunjeon or Cheonchujeon Hall more than Sajeongjeon Hall in the winter. The reason is that two buildings had traditional heating systems, unlike Sajeongjeon Hall. The hall is currently regarded as a valuable source of knowledge about the architectural style and layout of palaces in the Joseon Dynasty.