Bongsudang Hall serves as the primary hall within Hwaseong Temporary Palace. King Jungjo conducted various national affairs and received morning greetings from his officials at Bonsudang Hall. Additionally, during normal times, Hwaseong's administrative officials, called Yusu, stayed and worked at Bongsudang. However, Bongsudang Hall was never overly large or extravagantly decorated due to King Jungjo's philosophy of maintaining modesty.

It was originally built in 1789 and named Jangnamheon Hall. However, in 1795, the name was changed to Bongsudang after Hyegyeonggung Hong’s 60th birthday, who was King Jungjo’s mother. The name "Bongsudang" translates to “praying for ten thousand years of life,” symbolizing King Jungjo’s wishes for his mother's longevity. Bongsudang was destroyed during the Japanese occupation and restored in 1997.