The diorama depicts the construction process of the wooden chamber tombs, which were the prevailing style of Gaya tombs from the 2nd to the 4th century.

The wooden chamber tomb comprised underground chambers where the deceased were laid to rest, accompanied by funerary relics. The tombs were typically sizable and reserved for the royal family and nobility.

In the initial stage, upon the demise of an individual of high status, a large hole was excavated and leveled at the base. The burial location was chosen based on the deceased’s status, with high-ranking individuals interred further up the mountainside. It was believed that powerful individuals should have an elevated view, even in the afterlife.

The subsequent stage involved constructing a wooden chamber using planks arranged akin to a Finnish sauna for the walls. The third stage encompassed the furnishing of the tomb with an array of funerary goods, such as pottery, ironware, and accessories. The items were buried with the deceased in the belief that the individual would continue to lead a luxurious existence in the next world. Sometimes, large swords or spears were also placed within the tombs.

Upon the completion of preparations for the afterlife, the body of the deceased was finally interred. Subsequently, thick boards were placed atop the chamber to seal it, as illustrated in the fourth scene.

The final stage in constructing a tomb involved covering it with a burial mound and conducting funeral rites. Notice the broken plates surrounding the mound? People broke the dishes and scatter or buried them around.